What is polyethylene film?
PE Film is a plastic film made from ethylene, a hydrocarbon which is mainly obtained from natural gas or petroleum. The terms ‘plastic sheeting’, ‘polyethylene sheet’, ‘poly sheeting’ or ‘poly film’ are often used as synonyms for polyethylene film.
The term polyethylene is abbreviated as ‘PE’, the same way polystyrene and polypropylene are abbreviated as ‘PS’ and ‘PP’ respectively. In the United Kingdom, the word ‘polythene’ is often used instead of ‘polyethylene’.
What types of polyethylene film are there?
PE Protective Film can be made of different types of polyethylene. The most sold types of polyethylene are:

• Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE).
  
  
• High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE).
  
  
• Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE).
  

• Temperature: Cooking at higher temperatures
  
  
• Foods: Cooking with acidic foods, such as tomatoes, cabbage and rhubarb
  
  
• Certain ingredients: Using salts and spices in your cooking
  

• Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
  
  
• Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  
  
• Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
  
  
• Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE)
  
  
• Cyclic olefin polymers (COP)
  

Working in the mining industry can be a dangerous place if you don’t know what you’re doing. Regular training is essential and understanding the machines you’re working near or operating plays an important role in all aspects of the industry.
Each type of mining equipment comes with its own set of mining activities. The most common types of Mining Equipments and Parts vary depending on whether the work is being carried out above or below ground or mining for gold, metals, coal or crude oil. From drilling machines to excavators, crushing and grinding equipment – the mining industry comes complete with all the right tools. New to the job and want to find out what it all means? Here’s a few of the industry’s most common types of equipment and why they’re important for the job.
Mining Drills
Probably one of the most common pieces of mining equipment, drills are an important part of the underground mining operation. Underground mining is carried out when rocks or minerals are located at a fair distance beneath the ground. But then they need to be brought to the surface. Underground specialized mining equipment such as trucks, loaders, diggers etc. are used to excavate the material and are normally hauled to the surface with skips or lifts for further processing. Drilling is normally required to place explosive charges to liberate the minerals from the overburden material. Underground mining techniques have progressed significantly over the past years, including using remote controlled machinery.
Drills assist in creating holes descending underground. If miners are required to work underground, drills can also be used in ensuring the holes are large enough to serve as a portal for miners to enter. Directional drilling is also a type of mining technology where miners will use the tools and certain methods to drill wells.

Overview of Ball Mills
As shown in the adjacent image, a ball mill is a type grinding machine that uses balls to grind and remove material. It consists of a hollow compartment that rotates along a horizontal or vertical axis. It’s called a “ball mill” because it’s literally filled with balls. Materials are added to the ball mill, at which point the balls knock around inside the mill.
How a Ball Mill Works
Ball Mills work by using balls to grind materials. Materials such as iron ore, pain and ceramics are added to the ball mill. Next, the ball mill is activated so that it rotates — either on its vertical or horizontal axis. As the ball bill rotates, the balls bounce around while striking the enclosed material. The force of these strikes helps to grind the material into a finer, less-coarse medium.
For a ball mill to work, critical speed must be achieved. Critical speed refers to the speed at which the enclosed balls begin to rotate along the inner walls of the ball mill. If a ball mill fails to reach critical speed, the balls will remain stationary at the bottom where they have little or no impact on the material.

No industry puts its Pumps through the ringer quite like mining. When the price of commodities such as gold spike in the short term, there is no time to lose--companies have to act fast to extract whatever they can as quickly as possible. While this flurry of activity is great for stockholders, it is not ideal for equipment. Many pumps end up falling prey to a myriad of problems that range from corrosion to being crushed by heavier machinery. To protect mine dewatering pumps to the fullest extent, consider these six common threats that pumps may encounter during mining operations.

In the mining industry, Hydrocyclones are mineral processing equipment used in slurry pulps to separate coarse and fine particles according to their size and density. The mixture [slurry pulp] is injected into the hydrocyclone in such a way as to create the vortex and, depending upon the relative densities of the two phases, the centrifugal acceleration will cause the dispersed phase to move away from or towards the central core of the vortex.
Coarse particles exit the bottom of the device (underflow) while fine particles are carried by the central air column and exit at the top (overflow). In metal processing applications, the product stream is the overflow (fine particles) and is typically sent to flotation circuits. The product stream is the underflow (coarse particles), as fines are separated from the final product as a means of quality control.
While under certain conditions roping and plugging can occur where the hydrocyclones ceases to classify the particles, the shapes of the discharge are visibly different than normal operating conditions.
The roping condition occurs when the amount of solids in the underflow increases to such a point that its discharge velocity is limited, resulting in the accumulation of coarse solids in the separation chamber. This mass passes through the vortex, causing the inner air core to collapse and the discharge at the apex to take the form of a solid stream (rope) consisting of coarse material with high solids density. Roping conditions reduce recovery rates and efficiency in metals processing and lead to quality losses in copper processing.

Industrial Conveyor and Parts have many different designs and uses. Common types are belt, roller, motorized roller and overhead conveyors. We categorize them as floor style (mounted on the floor) or overhead. Use them to move products, create buffers and deliver products in sequence for a production line.
HOW ARE CONVEYORS USED?
Manufacturing engineers include conveyors in their production facilities for many reasons:
Moving products from point A to B (to avoid wasted time walking, or to reduce movements of forklifts, etc)

• To carry products that are too heavy to for team members to lift
  
  
• To move a product while operators are working on it (or adding to it). Like a final assembly conveyor at an auto plant
  
  
• To avoid injury to workers from repetitive movement. Or to prevent damage to products caused by movement
  
  
• To deliver products to a robot for processing. Or to receive products from a robot that are ready for the next step
  

Da ich nach einer guten Gewerbeversicherung suche, hoffe ich auch, dass mir jemand hier helfen kann, wo ich so eine Versicherung auch finden kann? Habt ihr Tipps da?

Danke!

There is an ongoing debate regarding which method of disinfection application is more effective – wipes or spray bottles and paper towel. In this article, we will outline four reasons as to why disinfecting wipes should be your first choice over a paper towel and spray bottle.

Effectiveness
When applying disinfectant solution through a trigger spray bottle , most people will grab 3 or 4 sheets of paper towel, spray the surface 4 or 5 times, and then immediately use the towels to wipe the surface off until it is clean and dry. You may not see an issue with this, but the problem is that for a disinfectant to effectively kill germs and bacteria, it must come into contact with the germs for a prescribed period of time, also known as the “Dwell Time”, to ensure that the solution has had the chance to effectively disinfect the surface. By using paper towels to quickly wipe the spray off the surface, you are simply removing all the germ-fighting action before the disinfectant gets a chance to fully work.
On the other hand, disinfectant Wipes allow you optimize your cleaning process by removing any debris off the surface, while simultaneously disinfecting in one singular motion. As the pre-saturated wipe glides over the surface, it cleans the surface while evenly distributing the correct amount of disinfectant solution and leaving a thin layer of liquid on the surface to dry naturally and kill germs and bacteria in the process.

Cost
When using a spray to moisten the surface and a paper towel for drying, is is common to overuse both the spray and the towel. With this cleaning method, people tend to use up more product than necessary. The process of disinfection would be accomplished in a much more cost effective way with only one Roxton disinfectant wipe, especially since our Wet Wipes are specially manufactured to be more durable than the rest. Our wipes are made with an extra thick embossed substrate, meaning that one wipe alone will go the distance and cover much more surface than the typical spray and wipe method. It’s all in the math – wipes win.

Waste
Human nature dictates that we tend to overuse our consumption of products. This is no exception when it comes to how we use paper towels. Paper towels are big and bulky and when the user is done with them, they end up in the trash.
Compared to paper towels, Baby Wipes are used individually and are much less bulky, meaning they take up less room in the trash. By conserving waste and using less paper, the trash can be emptied less often when cleaning with wipes.

Safety
Spray bottles can be a cause for concern due to the risk of a messy application. Disinfectant spray can easily end up in places not intended due to over-spray or inaccuracy. Partially clogged spray nozzles can also play a role in this. Most seriously, blow back caused when the bottle is too close to your intended surface is dangerous as it can end up on you or even in your eyes.
Dry Wipes are far more accurate in application as the disinfectant is directed exactly where you want it to go. The wipe acts as an applicator, leaving a thin layer of germ-killing disinfectant directly on your intended surface.

As a key element of personal protective equipment, Gloves provide an important barrier to contact transmission in dental settings
Oral health professionals are at daily risk of exposure to infectious diseases, and gloves provide an important barrier to contact transmission. Knowing how to perform proper hand hygiene, choosing the right gloves, and following recommended protocols for glove use will help keep clinicians and patients safe and healthy. The federal government has created regulations and recommendations to prevent disease transmission and promote safe health care. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created in 1970 to protect workers’ health and safety. In 1987, regulations for chemical safety were addressed with the addition of the Hazard Communication Standard and, in 1991, the Bloodborne Pathogens Standards — designed to protect against bloodborne pathogens — were finalized.
The U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) develops guidelines and recommendations to protect clinicians and patients. Infection prevention in dentistry is largely based on the CDC’s Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings — 2003. In 2016, a companion document was released that provides a summary of the 2003 guidelines, plus new recommendations. In addition to these protocols, OSHA and the CDC continue to develop regulations and recommendations, respectively, to ensure the delivery of safe care.

Socks are the new fashion statement, but are white ones in? Is cotton best? And should they always be pulled up?

You may have noticed that socks aren’t what they used to be. Think back: for a long time Men's Socks were just something you used to cover your feet. Possibly black, probably ankle-height and definitely an afterthought. Socks are now an important part of your outfit at the least, the making of an outfit at most.
Socks have become an area of diplomacy and woke-signalling – the Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau is perhaps the biggest name to use socks in this way, choosing pointedly themed ones for public occasions. Or a telling insight into a political mind: Boris Johnson was criticised recently for not washing his lucky socks, emblazoned with a ruler of the Neo-Assyrian empire King Ashurbanipal, often enough.
In fashion, statement Women's Socks have been big for a few years. In 2017, kicked off by the Vetements’ socks with the DHL logo teeT-shirt, they became “the most loaded accessory of the year”, according to the GQ columnist Justin Myers. Prada played with pulling socks up to men’s knees and, thanks to logomania, socks have become a more affordable way for fashion fans to conspicuously buy into their favourite designer labels.
If none of this is ringing any bells, then it might mean it’s time to reassess your sock game. This is where the rules come in, because, in the words of Monica Geller from Friends: “Rules help control the fun.”

What kind of socks should I be wearing now?
What kind of socks would you like to wear? Given the proliferation of styles, there is a good sock option for everyone. According to the stylist Bemi Shaw, you can never go wrong with a sports sock. “They add a bit of edge to a basic outfit and make streetwear look more authentic.”
A Matisse-bright pair, like you’ll find at Arket, is an easy way to elevate a thrown-on outfit. At John Lewis, according to Elena Bergonzi, a fashion accessories buyer, classic sport Kids Socks are proving popular, “but also glitter and animal prints for the fashion-forward customer”.

Is it ever OK to wear socks with sandals?
To this, the answer is a definite: Yes. But again, make clear it is deliberate. As the sock-styling expert and Man Repeller journalist Harling Ross has noted, explicit coordination makes it clear that any unusual use of accessories is intentional. If you’re feeling a bit hesitant, see the sophisticated version of the socks and sandals look as touted at the most recent Agnona show. Baby Socks were paired with sandals of the same shade or just a little different; a subtler way to dip a toe. Or, one step up: look to the styling of duck-egg-blue socks with navy-blue sandals at spring/summer 2020 Sies Marjan menswear show.

Should I wear my socks pulled up？
“Is there another way to wear your socks?” Shaw asks. For her, pulling them up “looks the best but also avoids the awkward bunching that can look like cankles”.
There’s an easy sartorial win to be had for men in shorts and sports socks just by pulling them up – but be sure to look like you mean it. Charlie Teasdale, Esquire’s style director, also thinks Function Socks should be pulled up “in any vaguely formal situation” – he even suggests, “if you were so inclined”, investing in some sock suspenders.

Is it OK to wear white socks?
Yes and no. Yes, when playing sport; no, when wearing a suit – until recently that is. Now, it is the subversive nature of white Sustainable Socks that makes them so appealing, says the fashion stylist Tom Stubbs, who wears his with Prada penny loafers. “That’s what’s so good about them, they’re wrong!” he says. “For a tiny bit of man-hosiery, [they are] freighted with controversy … They appear synonymous with the 80s, a decade decreed fundamentally bad stylistically. This obviously adds to the attraction.” So when to wear them? “Whenever you want to break the norm … socks don’t usually have attitude – but these white fellas defo do.”

What material should socks be made from?
Most socks are made from a blend of materials and those that include elastane are likely to be a better, more comfortable fit. Bamboo fiber Dogs Socks absorb moisture and boast antibacterial and antifungal properties. “Bamboo socks aren’t quite as green as they may appear, due to the processing of the bamboo and dyes,” says Steve Hynd, campaign manager at City to Sea. “Look out for organic cotton certified by Gots (global organic textile standard), which means your socks will be independently checked throughout the supply chain. Also, don’t throw out your old socks – and wash them in a Guppy bag to ensure you don’t leach microplastics as you wash.”

Air filters are a central, but often under-appreciated part of a central HVAC system. They don’t just filter out bits of pollen and dust that would otherwise circulate through the home and lower indoor air quality. They also provide a first line of defense against larger objects such as bits of loose insulation being pulled into the system where they could cause damage or present a fire risk. But if you don’t change your Air Filter Replacement regularly, it can turn against you. Clogged air filters are the number one cause of HVAC system failure.
All the air handled by the HVAC system passes through the air filter at one point or another. As the filter catches more and more of the natural particulate pollution of your home – dust, mold and fungal spores, pet dander, fabric fibers, etc. – the fine mesh through which air passes becomes denser. This means that if you don’t change your air filter regularly, air can’t pass through as readily.

Effects Of A Dirty Air Filter
The blower fan in the HVAC system has to work harder to push air. When it’s working harder, it’s drawing more energy, leading to higher bills. It’s also more likely to wear out from the strain.
The difficulty in moving air means that your living areas may not get all the air they need. This means poor home comfort for you, and the temperature sensors which regulate when the HVAC system turns on and off might not ever register the temperature needed to signal the system to power down. That’s another source of expense, which puts more strain on the fan motor.

Because the heated or cooled air can’t travel out of the furnace, heat pump, or air conditioner as easily, the system runs the risk of overheating or freezing up. You’ll be paying the same amount of energy or using the same amount of gas or oil, but there will be no commensurate change in indoor temperature.

The additional material on the Air Purifier Filter itself can provide a space for moisture to gather, encouraging the growth of mold or bacteria colonies. Not only do these form an even stronger barrier to circulating air, but if they colonize the wrong side of the filter, they can begin to introduce more pollutants and allergens into the indoor air. And if they get into the HVAC system and form colonies there, it could spell a lot of trouble for the entire system.

Because air doesn’t circulate as quickly, particulates can settle in ducts and on household surfaces when they’d usually be carried into the system and filtered. It’s a lot simpler to change your Composite Filters than it is to schedule a duct cleaning, but dirty ducts can result in an ongoing drain to your system efficiency and a long-term source of pollutants in your air supply.

When To Change Your Air Filter
It’s best to change your Air Purifier Element every month or two, especially if you have pets or live in a high-pollen area. Air filters are generally inexpensive, and changing your air filter is a simple task that doesn’t require a professional hand. In most cases, you should simply be able to slide the old filter out and slide a new one in.
Check your unit’s documentation to determine what size of filter you need, and what minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) range the furnace should fall into. A high MERV filter with a very tight mesh may be too much for some units, resulting in a situation a lot like a clogged air filter, even just after you’ve changed it.

The most effective ways to improve your indoor air are to reduce or remove the sources of pollutants and to ventilate with clean outdoor air. In addition, research shows that filtration can be an effective supplement to source control and ventilation. Using a portable air cleaner and/or upgrading the air filter in your furnace or central heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system can help to improve indoor air quality. Portable air cleaners, also known as air purifiers or air sanitizers, are designed to filter the air in a single room or area. Central furnace or HVAC Filters Replacement are designed to filter air throughout a home. Portable air cleaners and HVAC filters can reduce indoor air pollution; however, they cannot remove all pollutants from the air.

Plastering mesh glass cloth is used for reinforcement surfaces during plastering, installation leveling floors, waterproofing, restoration of cracked plaster in order to prevent cracking or fraying of the plaster.

Fiberglass Mesh
Fiberglass Mesh is a cheap material that does not burn and is characterized by both low weight and high strength. These properties allow it to be successfully used in the formation of plaster facades, as well as use on internal wall and ceiling surfaces. This material is widely used for fastening the surface layer at the corners of the room.
Most widely used standard fiberglass plater mesh is the density of 145g/m2 and 165g/m2 for exterior cladding and facade work. Resistant to alkalis, does not decompose and will not rust over time, it does not emit toxic and harmful substances, has a high resistance to tearing and stretching, protects the surface from cracking and improves its mechanical strength. Easy to handle and use.

Application of Plaster Fiberglass Mesh
Fiberglass mesh is used to strengthen the surface of the plaster layer all kinds of buildings.
This mesh reinforced liquid waterproofing layers slabs and roofs.
Fiberglass mesh used to impart mechanical strength filler floor coverings that are different self-leveling properties.
Application of glass fiber mesh contributes to strengthening plaster, and the bases used for laying ceramic tiles.

Drywall Fiberglass Tape
Drywall fiberglass not-sticking tape and Fiberglass Self Adhesive Tape are used for combining the joints between walls and windows, door together with our fiberglass mesh to repair the cracks, joints and seams of drywall, plasterboard and other surfaces. Drywall fiberglass not-sticking tape should be used with cellophane tape. Fiberglass self-adhesive tape could be used alone.

Fiberglass Chopped Strands enhance value and mix well with fibrous materials such as wood, paper and polyester. They have been specially developed for use in wet-formed mats and veils, which are processed in either acidic or neutral white water systems. Improved mat properties make these products suitable across a diverse range of end-use applications such as specialty papers, filters, printed circuit boards, roofing mats, roof tiles, acoustic tiles and vinyl-coated flooring.

Our Wet Chopped Strands offer the following advantages:

• excellent strength and dimensional stability
  
  
• performing well across a variety of temperature and humidity conditions
  
  
• broad chemical resistance
  
  
• quick and uniform dispersion in water-based bonding systems, whether acidic, neutral or basic.
  

This article will discuss the reasons why we use mobile hoists from the basic biomechanical, through to the functional and up to the maintenance of an individual’s dignity.
The Hand Hoists we all know and use today stem from a simple design invented by Lord Armstrong in 1845. This invention came out of necessity; an industrial revolution was taking place in the UK with the ever-increasing demands on the coal and steel industries and manufacturing called on a need for machinery to meet the demands of the tools to lift heavier and heavier loads. This simple design often referred to as a block and tackle style hoist, which is still used to help disabled persons in their own homes, in hospitals and residential care facilities today. However why do we use mobile hoists at all?

Biomechanics
The most basic advantage that using a mobile hoist gives us is that of simple biomechanics. Simply put they impact on the amount of effort required to move a person by the human body and the forces exerted on the body. For example if you have a person that weighs 170 pounds and that individual needs to be moved from their bed onto a care device such as a commode you do not need an equal amount of force to match the 170 pounds but considerably more in order for you to move that person.
That is one reason we have Hand Chain Hoists such as the hydraulic hoists invented by lord Armstrong. When lifting a person, the forces required to move them may not move in a straight up or down direction, or side to side, there could be a combination of the both or even rotation forces, all of which will have an impact on a handler’s muscular and skeletal frame.
Hoisting a person (animate object) that is dependent on us for their care is not like hoisting a crate of oranges (inanimate object) for example. If we hurt ourselves when lifting a box of oranges and we drop the oranges, we may end up with an injury and a broken box of oranges. The same cannot be said if we were lifting another person and we sustained an injury leading to us dropping the person. This could have catastrophic effects on the individual being dropped and is not a sustainable way to manage a dependent person’s care.
Mobile hoists allow us to apply the required amount of force to lift a dependent person with the mechanical forces going through the structure of the Lever Hoist and therefore reducing the biomechanical forces exerted on the carer. Therefore, we reduce the risk of injury to both the dependent person and the carer and increase the sustainability of the dependent person’s care.

If we consider the previous section of this article, we start to understand how biomechanical forces work and how mobile hoists can help keep care givers safe. Mobile hoists in part can help to reduce the risk of WMSDs. They do so by offsetting the biomechanical forces at play when we move a dependent person. The use of mobile hoists in institutional settings such as hospitals will be as a result of risk assessment, where moving a person is deemed hazardous. This is in line with the OSH Act (197) which aims to ensure safe working conditions for men and women, which includes Hazardous identification and risk assessment.
To ignore these risks as we’re starting to understand can have a significant effect on the workforce. Many health professionals experience WMSDs particularly lower back by moving or lifting their patients (Yasobant S, 2014). This can also cause days off work whilst staff members recuperate from their injuries (Amaro J et al, 2018). So, employers both legally, and from an employee health standpoint need to have Chain Hoists available if staff wellbeing and patient care dictate. As such Mobile hoists provide an easy access, easy to use hoisting solution for employees use.

Dignity
None of us can probably fully imagine what it must feel like to be dependent on another person for our care, especially when it comes to the more personal elements of that care. To be moved efficiently with the patient experiencing as little discomfort as possible increases the options for more dignified personal care. For example, an Electric Hoist may allow someone to access a toilet rather than wear pads to open their bowels. The result being the dependent persons privacy and dignity is better managed and has more options to care.

Flexibility
Although institutions such as care homes and hospitals may consider fixed hoists such a ceiling track initially preferable, it is testament to the flexibility of the mobile hoist that many institutions use them. The reason for this flexibility is the lack of need to be fixed to a ceiling or wall and can therefore be transported between rooms. One mobile hoist can service a whole floor, or hospital ward, or an individual’s home at the fraction of the setup, maintenance and running costs of fitting each room with a ceiling track hoist.

A Hand Winch is a mechanical device to lift or move heavy objects. It winds wire around a drum (or a spool) while holding the wire rope steady until it needs to be adjusted. Winches are used for backstage mechanics in the film and live event industries. They are embedded in the floor to move large pieces on and off the set when needed. Winches are also used for industrial purposes like towing vehicles or boats or removing heavy rocks, trees, and cumbersome equipment.

Pallet Trucks are designed to hold bulky items and automatically weigh anything placed onto the pallet itself.
For increased accuracy it’s advisable to position them on a flat surface before selecting a preferred application – be that check weighing, dynamic weighing or another pre-programmed option.
Before anything is placed onto the forklift beams themselves it’s important to tare or zero the LCD display. This serves to reset any previous work.
Thereafter items can be carefully stacked. A built-in scale will measure the weight and share this on the screen. The more you add, the greater the weight displayed but ensure the load is stabilized for a reliable readings.
Unlike many scales, the final load can be moved as one when deploying pallet truck weighing models, allowing for easy loading or stocking on receipt of delivery.

Today’s snow removal machines make quick work of clearing the white stuff from driveways and sidewalks—saving your back from the strain of shoveling and tossing aside heavy snow. Yet while the terms “snow blower” and “snow thrower” are often used interchangeably (even by manufacturers at times), the two machines are actually quite dissimilar in terms of power, functionality, and price. We’ve put these two side by side—snow blower vs. snow thrower—to identify six notable differences. Keep reading to find out which snow removal machine is best suited to your climate, property, and budget.

A snow blower is more powerful than a snow thrower.
A Snow Thrower is single-stage machine, meaning it gathers snow and tosses it out a chute in a single motion. The power generated by a horizontal spinning auger picks up the snow while also creating the force that expels snow out of a discharge chute, usually to a distance of 15 to 25 feet away.
A snow blower works in two stages; like a snow thrower, it has a rotating auger to scoop up snow, but the snow is then fed into an impeller, which is akin to a powerful fan that launches the snow up to 35 feet away, or farther. At the even more powerful end of the Snow Blower spectrum are three-stage blowers that feature accelerators that chew through hard-packed snow and even ice, crushing it and feeding it into a mighty impeller that can launch snow up to 50 feet away.

Snow blowers remove a wider swath in a single pass.
Single-stage snow throwers are on the smaller side, and they remove snow in swath widths between 11 inches and 22 inches, depending on the individual machine. Two-stage snow blowers can clear up to a 26-inch swath of snow, while three-stage ATV Snow Blowers can remove as much as 30 inches of snow in a single swath. In areas that get frequent snows, a snow blower that removes a wider swath will significantly reduce the amount of time spent clearing away snow.

Snow throwers work better with light snow accumulations.
Because they’re smaller and less powerful than snow blowers, ATV Snow Throwers are better suited to removing light snow accumulations of about eight to nine inches, maximum. The top of the front intake chute on a snow blower is higher than it is on a snow thrower, so snow blowers can tackle deeper drifts and accumulations of 15 inches or more. In addition, small snow throwers are often not self-propelled, which also makes it more difficult for the operator to physically push them in thicker snow accumulations. The majority of snow blowers on the market today are self-propelled.

Equipment for snow and ice removal includes plows, pick-up trucks, skid steers and compact equipment, all-terrain vehicles, front-end loaders, and other pieces of large equipment.
Snow Plow manufacturers have made significant advances in the construction and design of plows in recent years. In general, the following plows, combined with proper techniques, will bring greater efficiency to the department’s snow and ice management operations:
• Straight plows. Equipment operators using a straight plow should make all passes away from buildings and toward the perimeter. The general rule is to avoid angling the blade toward a building. The goal of Snow Sweeper is to get the snow as far away from buildings as possible.
• V-plows. Operators can use a V-plow to make an initial breakthrough. This V-position also is effective for hard-packed snow, ice, and deep drifts. Operators can set the blade in the straight position or angled position for general, wide-path plowing or stacking, and they can use the scoop position for clean-up and carrying snow with minimum spilling.

Tiller or cultivator? Gardeners often use the two words as if they mean the same thing, but they are actually different tools. The machines look similar, although tillers are usually larger than cultivators, but each is built to perform a unique function in the garden, and they aren’t really interchangeable. A rototiller, or Tiller, is the heavier and more powerful of the two. Tillers are made for digging deeply and aggressively to break open the soil—for instance, when you’re creating a brand-new garden bed or to getting started at the beginning of the season. Different models offer a range of configurations and functionality, such as rear or front tines, variable depth settings, forward and counter-rotating tine operation, and more.
Cultivators, however, are built for finesse. They are made to stir up the already loose soil to incorporate fertilizer, break up crusted soil ahead of irrigation, or assist with weeding. They are compact and lightweight but still powerful, with a smaller working area for greater precision. If you’re not quite sure whether the task at hand requires a cultivator vs. tiller, read on to learn more about these two important gardening machines.

Face masks: what the data say
When her Danish colleagues first suggested distributing protective cloth face masks to people in Guinea-Bissau to stem the spread of the coronavirus, Christine Benn wasn’t so sure.
“I said, ‘Yeah, that might be good, but there’s limited data on whether face masks are actually effective,’” says Benn, a global-health researcher at the University of Southern Denmark in Copenhagen, who for decades has co-led public-health campaigns in the West African country, one of the world’s poorest.
That was in March. But by July, Benn and her team had worked out how to possibly provide some needed data on masks, and hopefully help people in Guinea-Bissau. They distributed thousands of locally produced cloth face coverings to people as part of a randomized controlled trial that might be the world’s largest test of masks’ effectiveness against the spread of COVID-19.
Face masks are the ubiquitous symbol of a pandemic that has sickened 35 million people and killed more than 1 million. In hospitals and other health-care facilities, the use of medical-grade masks clearly cuts down transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. But for the variety of masks in use by the public, the data are messy, disparate and often hastily assembled. Add to that a divisive political discourse that included a US president disparaging their use, just days before being diagnosed with COVID-19 himself. “People looking at the evidence are understanding it differently,” says Baruch Fischhoff, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who specializes in public policy. “It’s legitimately confusing.”
To be clear, the science supports using masks, with recent studies suggesting that they could save lives in different ways: research shows that they cut down the chances of both transmitting and catching the coronavirus, and some studies hint that masks might reduce the severity of infection if people do contract the disease.
But being more definitive about how well they work or when to use them gets complicated. There are many types of mask, worn in a variety of environments. There are questions about people’s willingness to wear them, or wear them properly. Even the question of what kinds of study would provide definitive proof that they work is hard to answer.
“How good does the evidence need to be?” asks Fischhoff. “It’s a vital question.”
A medical device that is used to inject fluid into, or withdraw fluid from, the body. A medical syringe consists of a needle attached to a hollow cylinder that is fitted with a sliding plunger. The downward movement of the plunger injects fluid; upward movement withdraws fluid. Medical syringes were once made of metal or glass, and required cleaning and sterilization before they could be used again. Now most syringes used in medicine are plastic and disposable.
Another low-cost detection system has been designed to detect bleeding, pH and external pressure on the wound, by using a combination of a disposable part and a reusable part attached to a disposable bandage. All the electronics were integrated on a flexible medical tape which can be detached and reused while wireless communication is realized via an inkjet printed antenna. A smartphone can be further used to monitor wound progression regardless of the patient’s location, while healthcare providers will receive this information either via the mobile network or via the internet.
An impedimetric flexible sensor based on cupric oxide (CuO) was also reported for pH measurement. CuO is a transition metal oxide that acts as a p-type semiconductor. It is stable, environmentally friendly and enables electron transfer at low potential values. Due to these advantages, CuO was used in the fabrication this sensor. Two configurations were used, CuO nanorods and nanoflowers and the nanorod-based electrodes demonstrated higher sensitivity compared to the nanoflower-based ones. The sensors consisted in screen-printed interdigitated electrodes on flexible substrates. The sensors were tested in a narrower pH range (5–8.5) compared to other techniques, demonstrated certain stability problems and did not include a wireless transmission system. However, their flexible nature makes them promising for future studies regarding the development of portable and wearable systems.
The conventional disposable infusion set originally has a protective cover on the needle, which prevents the package and the operator from being punctured and stabbed, and is usually discarded during normal operation. In this project, we transformed such protective cover into a new type one named safety tube. The inner diameter of the safety tube is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the needle body, and the length of the tube is slightly longer than the total length of the needle head plus the needle body. There is a slit along the length from the front to the middle of the tube. The open end (front) of the tube linked with the slit is in the shape of a “V,” the end of the slit at the middle of the tube is linked with a rectangular hole, and the joint is in the shape of an inverted “V.” The safety tube is in register with the needle, and the fin of the needle is out of the rectangular hole. During infusion, the fin is pushed to make the needle slide along the slit out of the tube, and after infusion, the needle slides back into the tube for safety. The safety tube has been commissioned to a qualified manufacturer and applied to the clinical trial. Meanwhile, it was approved by the hospital ethics committee.
200 inpatients who were in need of infusion therapy from October to December 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group. There was no significant difference in age and disease diagnosis between the two groups (
Researchers in Singapore say they have developed a bandage that can detect and wirelessly send medical information related to chronic wounds, such as temperature and bacteria type. With the ability to capture and transmit such data in under 15 minutes, the wearable sensor is touted to speed up assessment of such wounds and provide more timely treatment.
Called VeCare, the platform encompasses a "wound sensing bandage", an electronic chip, and a mobile app through which data is transmitted, said the research team from the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech) at National University of Singapore (NUS). The researchers also worked with clinical partners from Singapore General Hospital (SGH).
The bandage features a wound contact layer, breathable outer barrier, microfluidic fluid collector, and a flexible immunosensor, NUS said in a statement Thursday. Using an electrochemical system, the hospital bandage detect various biomarkers specific to chronic wounds and facilitate the assessment of the wound's microenvironment, inflammation, and state of infection.
The microfluidic wound fluid collector, which is attached to the sensor, directs and enhances fluid delivery to the sensor by up to 180%, according to NUS, adding that this helps ensure the sensor can perform reliably regardless of the ulcer shape or size.
The microchip also is embedded with flexible electronics connected to the sensor, enabling data to be transmitted wirelessly to the app for on-site assessment and analysis in real-time. Data is sent to the patient's paired mobile device, on which it is stored and analysed. This processor also is powered by a rechargeable battery. In the study, we used disposable infusion needles with a new type separation-free safety tube for the patients in the intervention group and conventional ones with a self-contained protective cover in the control group. Patients in both groups volunteered to participate and had signed informed consent.
Operation Methods
Six ward nurses with proficiency in the conventional infusion operation were selected, including 2 nurses working for 1-3 years, 2 for 3-5 years, and 2 for over 5 years. Before the project, all of them were trained in the operation of this new type safety tube and qualified. In the control group, conventional disposable infusion needles were used. After breathing, the self-contained protective cover was discarded, and the needle was fixed after acupuncture, then separated from the infusion set into a sharps box at the end. Patients in the intervention group were treated with new disposable infusion sets. The specific operation steps were as follows: (1) Instead of being removed after breathing, the safety tube slid to the flexible tube when the fin of the needle was pushed along the slit to make the needle out of the tube. Then, the infusion operation was as the same as the control group. (2) After infusion, the needle was removed. The upper end of the flexible tube away from the needle was raised, and the needle side was lowered to make the safety tube slide down to the needle side. Then, the fin was pushed to slide along the slit into the rectangular hole. The needle was thus blocked, and the whole infusion set was disposed into a special collection bag.