Plastering mesh glass cloth is used for reinforcement surfaces during plastering, installation leveling floors, waterproofing, restoration of cracked plaster in order to prevent cracking or fraying of the plaster.

Fiberglass Mesh
Fiberglass Mesh is a cheap material that does not burn and is characterized by both low weight and high strength. These properties allow it to be successfully used in the formation of plaster facades, as well as use on internal wall and ceiling surfaces. This material is widely used for fastening the surface layer at the corners of the room.
Most widely used standard fiberglass plater mesh is the density of 145g/m2 and 165g/m2 for exterior cladding and facade work. Resistant to alkalis, does not decompose and will not rust over time, it does not emit toxic and harmful substances, has a high resistance to tearing and stretching, protects the surface from cracking and improves its mechanical strength. Easy to handle and use.

Application of Plaster Fiberglass Mesh
Fiberglass mesh is used to strengthen the surface of the plaster layer all kinds of buildings.
This mesh reinforced liquid waterproofing layers slabs and roofs.
Fiberglass mesh used to impart mechanical strength filler floor coverings that are different self-leveling properties.
Application of glass fiber mesh contributes to strengthening plaster, and the bases used for laying ceramic tiles.

Drywall Fiberglass Tape
Drywall fiberglass not-sticking tape and Fiberglass Self Adhesive Tape are used for combining the joints between walls and windows, door together with our fiberglass mesh to repair the cracks, joints and seams of drywall, plasterboard and other surfaces. Drywall fiberglass not-sticking tape should be used with cellophane tape. Fiberglass self-adhesive tape could be used alone.

Fiberglass Chopped Strands enhance value and mix well with fibrous materials such as wood, paper and polyester. They have been specially developed for use in wet-formed mats and veils, which are processed in either acidic or neutral white water systems. Improved mat properties make these products suitable across a diverse range of end-use applications such as specialty papers, filters, printed circuit boards, roofing mats, roof tiles, acoustic tiles and vinyl-coated flooring.

Our Wet Chopped Strands offer the following advantages:

• excellent strength and dimensional stability
  
  
• performing well across a variety of temperature and humidity conditions
  
  
• broad chemical resistance
  
  
• quick and uniform dispersion in water-based bonding systems, whether acidic, neutral or basic.
  

This article will discuss the reasons why we use mobile hoists from the basic biomechanical, through to the functional and up to the maintenance of an individual’s dignity.
The Hand Hoists we all know and use today stem from a simple design invented by Lord Armstrong in 1845. This invention came out of necessity; an industrial revolution was taking place in the UK with the ever-increasing demands on the coal and steel industries and manufacturing called on a need for machinery to meet the demands of the tools to lift heavier and heavier loads. This simple design often referred to as a block and tackle style hoist, which is still used to help disabled persons in their own homes, in hospitals and residential care facilities today. However why do we use mobile hoists at all?

Biomechanics
The most basic advantage that using a mobile hoist gives us is that of simple biomechanics. Simply put they impact on the amount of effort required to move a person by the human body and the forces exerted on the body. For example if you have a person that weighs 170 pounds and that individual needs to be moved from their bed onto a care device such as a commode you do not need an equal amount of force to match the 170 pounds but considerably more in order for you to move that person.
That is one reason we have Hand Chain Hoists such as the hydraulic hoists invented by lord Armstrong. When lifting a person, the forces required to move them may not move in a straight up or down direction, or side to side, there could be a combination of the both or even rotation forces, all of which will have an impact on a handler’s muscular and skeletal frame.
Hoisting a person (animate object) that is dependent on us for their care is not like hoisting a crate of oranges (inanimate object) for example. If we hurt ourselves when lifting a box of oranges and we drop the oranges, we may end up with an injury and a broken box of oranges. The same cannot be said if we were lifting another person and we sustained an injury leading to us dropping the person. This could have catastrophic effects on the individual being dropped and is not a sustainable way to manage a dependent person’s care.
Mobile hoists allow us to apply the required amount of force to lift a dependent person with the mechanical forces going through the structure of the Lever Hoist and therefore reducing the biomechanical forces exerted on the carer. Therefore, we reduce the risk of injury to both the dependent person and the carer and increase the sustainability of the dependent person’s care.

If we consider the previous section of this article, we start to understand how biomechanical forces work and how mobile hoists can help keep care givers safe. Mobile hoists in part can help to reduce the risk of WMSDs. They do so by offsetting the biomechanical forces at play when we move a dependent person. The use of mobile hoists in institutional settings such as hospitals will be as a result of risk assessment, where moving a person is deemed hazardous. This is in line with the OSH Act (197) which aims to ensure safe working conditions for men and women, which includes Hazardous identification and risk assessment.
To ignore these risks as we’re starting to understand can have a significant effect on the workforce. Many health professionals experience WMSDs particularly lower back by moving or lifting their patients (Yasobant S, 2014). This can also cause days off work whilst staff members recuperate from their injuries (Amaro J et al, 2018). So, employers both legally, and from an employee health standpoint need to have Chain Hoists available if staff wellbeing and patient care dictate. As such Mobile hoists provide an easy access, easy to use hoisting solution for employees use.

Dignity
None of us can probably fully imagine what it must feel like to be dependent on another person for our care, especially when it comes to the more personal elements of that care. To be moved efficiently with the patient experiencing as little discomfort as possible increases the options for more dignified personal care. For example, an Electric Hoist may allow someone to access a toilet rather than wear pads to open their bowels. The result being the dependent persons privacy and dignity is better managed and has more options to care.

Flexibility
Although institutions such as care homes and hospitals may consider fixed hoists such a ceiling track initially preferable, it is testament to the flexibility of the mobile hoist that many institutions use them. The reason for this flexibility is the lack of need to be fixed to a ceiling or wall and can therefore be transported between rooms. One mobile hoist can service a whole floor, or hospital ward, or an individual’s home at the fraction of the setup, maintenance and running costs of fitting each room with a ceiling track hoist.

A Hand Winch is a mechanical device to lift or move heavy objects. It winds wire around a drum (or a spool) while holding the wire rope steady until it needs to be adjusted. Winches are used for backstage mechanics in the film and live event industries. They are embedded in the floor to move large pieces on and off the set when needed. Winches are also used for industrial purposes like towing vehicles or boats or removing heavy rocks, trees, and cumbersome equipment.

Pallet Trucks are designed to hold bulky items and automatically weigh anything placed onto the pallet itself.
For increased accuracy it’s advisable to position them on a flat surface before selecting a preferred application – be that check weighing, dynamic weighing or another pre-programmed option.
Before anything is placed onto the forklift beams themselves it’s important to tare or zero the LCD display. This serves to reset any previous work.
Thereafter items can be carefully stacked. A built-in scale will measure the weight and share this on the screen. The more you add, the greater the weight displayed but ensure the load is stabilized for a reliable readings.
Unlike many scales, the final load can be moved as one when deploying pallet truck weighing models, allowing for easy loading or stocking on receipt of delivery.

Today’s snow removal machines make quick work of clearing the white stuff from driveways and sidewalks—saving your back from the strain of shoveling and tossing aside heavy snow. Yet while the terms “snow blower” and “snow thrower” are often used interchangeably (even by manufacturers at times), the two machines are actually quite dissimilar in terms of power, functionality, and price. We’ve put these two side by side—snow blower vs. snow thrower—to identify six notable differences. Keep reading to find out which snow removal machine is best suited to your climate, property, and budget.

A snow blower is more powerful than a snow thrower.
A Snow Thrower is single-stage machine, meaning it gathers snow and tosses it out a chute in a single motion. The power generated by a horizontal spinning auger picks up the snow while also creating the force that expels snow out of a discharge chute, usually to a distance of 15 to 25 feet away.
A snow blower works in two stages; like a snow thrower, it has a rotating auger to scoop up snow, but the snow is then fed into an impeller, which is akin to a powerful fan that launches the snow up to 35 feet away, or farther. At the even more powerful end of the Snow Blower spectrum are three-stage blowers that feature accelerators that chew through hard-packed snow and even ice, crushing it and feeding it into a mighty impeller that can launch snow up to 50 feet away.

Snow blowers remove a wider swath in a single pass.
Single-stage snow throwers are on the smaller side, and they remove snow in swath widths between 11 inches and 22 inches, depending on the individual machine. Two-stage snow blowers can clear up to a 26-inch swath of snow, while three-stage ATV Snow Blowers can remove as much as 30 inches of snow in a single swath. In areas that get frequent snows, a snow blower that removes a wider swath will significantly reduce the amount of time spent clearing away snow.

Snow throwers work better with light snow accumulations.
Because they’re smaller and less powerful than snow blowers, ATV Snow Throwers are better suited to removing light snow accumulations of about eight to nine inches, maximum. The top of the front intake chute on a snow blower is higher than it is on a snow thrower, so snow blowers can tackle deeper drifts and accumulations of 15 inches or more. In addition, small snow throwers are often not self-propelled, which also makes it more difficult for the operator to physically push them in thicker snow accumulations. The majority of snow blowers on the market today are self-propelled.

Equipment for snow and ice removal includes plows, pick-up trucks, skid steers and compact equipment, all-terrain vehicles, front-end loaders, and other pieces of large equipment.
Snow Plow manufacturers have made significant advances in the construction and design of plows in recent years. In general, the following plows, combined with proper techniques, will bring greater efficiency to the department’s snow and ice management operations:
• Straight plows. Equipment operators using a straight plow should make all passes away from buildings and toward the perimeter. The general rule is to avoid angling the blade toward a building. The goal of Snow Sweeper is to get the snow as far away from buildings as possible.
• V-plows. Operators can use a V-plow to make an initial breakthrough. This V-position also is effective for hard-packed snow, ice, and deep drifts. Operators can set the blade in the straight position or angled position for general, wide-path plowing or stacking, and they can use the scoop position for clean-up and carrying snow with minimum spilling.

Tiller or cultivator? Gardeners often use the two words as if they mean the same thing, but they are actually different tools. The machines look similar, although tillers are usually larger than cultivators, but each is built to perform a unique function in the garden, and they aren’t really interchangeable. A rototiller, or Tiller, is the heavier and more powerful of the two. Tillers are made for digging deeply and aggressively to break open the soil—for instance, when you’re creating a brand-new garden bed or to getting started at the beginning of the season. Different models offer a range of configurations and functionality, such as rear or front tines, variable depth settings, forward and counter-rotating tine operation, and more.
Cultivators, however, are built for finesse. They are made to stir up the already loose soil to incorporate fertilizer, break up crusted soil ahead of irrigation, or assist with weeding. They are compact and lightweight but still powerful, with a smaller working area for greater precision. If you’re not quite sure whether the task at hand requires a cultivator vs. tiller, read on to learn more about these two important gardening machines.

Face masks: what the data say
When her Danish colleagues first suggested distributing protective cloth face masks to people in Guinea-Bissau to stem the spread of the coronavirus, Christine Benn wasn’t so sure.
“I said, ‘Yeah, that might be good, but there’s limited data on whether face masks are actually effective,’” says Benn, a global-health researcher at the University of Southern Denmark in Copenhagen, who for decades has co-led public-health campaigns in the West African country, one of the world’s poorest.
That was in March. But by July, Benn and her team had worked out how to possibly provide some needed data on masks, and hopefully help people in Guinea-Bissau. They distributed thousands of locally produced cloth face coverings to people as part of a randomized controlled trial that might be the world’s largest test of masks’ effectiveness against the spread of COVID-19.
Face masks are the ubiquitous symbol of a pandemic that has sickened 35 million people and killed more than 1 million. In hospitals and other health-care facilities, the use of medical-grade masks clearly cuts down transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. But for the variety of masks in use by the public, the data are messy, disparate and often hastily assembled. Add to that a divisive political discourse that included a US president disparaging their use, just days before being diagnosed with COVID-19 himself. “People looking at the evidence are understanding it differently,” says Baruch Fischhoff, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who specializes in public policy. “It’s legitimately confusing.”
To be clear, the science supports using masks, with recent studies suggesting that they could save lives in different ways: research shows that they cut down the chances of both transmitting and catching the coronavirus, and some studies hint that masks might reduce the severity of infection if people do contract the disease.
But being more definitive about how well they work or when to use them gets complicated. There are many types of mask, worn in a variety of environments. There are questions about people’s willingness to wear them, or wear them properly. Even the question of what kinds of study would provide definitive proof that they work is hard to answer.
“How good does the evidence need to be?” asks Fischhoff. “It’s a vital question.”
A medical device that is used to inject fluid into, or withdraw fluid from, the body. A medical syringe consists of a needle attached to a hollow cylinder that is fitted with a sliding plunger. The downward movement of the plunger injects fluid; upward movement withdraws fluid. Medical syringes were once made of metal or glass, and required cleaning and sterilization before they could be used again. Now most syringes used in medicine are plastic and disposable.
Another low-cost detection system has been designed to detect bleeding, pH and external pressure on the wound, by using a combination of a disposable part and a reusable part attached to a disposable bandage. All the electronics were integrated on a flexible medical tape which can be detached and reused while wireless communication is realized via an inkjet printed antenna. A smartphone can be further used to monitor wound progression regardless of the patient’s location, while healthcare providers will receive this information either via the mobile network or via the internet.
An impedimetric flexible sensor based on cupric oxide (CuO) was also reported for pH measurement. CuO is a transition metal oxide that acts as a p-type semiconductor. It is stable, environmentally friendly and enables electron transfer at low potential values. Due to these advantages, CuO was used in the fabrication this sensor. Two configurations were used, CuO nanorods and nanoflowers and the nanorod-based electrodes demonstrated higher sensitivity compared to the nanoflower-based ones. The sensors consisted in screen-printed interdigitated electrodes on flexible substrates. The sensors were tested in a narrower pH range (5–8.5) compared to other techniques, demonstrated certain stability problems and did not include a wireless transmission system. However, their flexible nature makes them promising for future studies regarding the development of portable and wearable systems.
The conventional disposable infusion set originally has a protective cover on the needle, which prevents the package and the operator from being punctured and stabbed, and is usually discarded during normal operation. In this project, we transformed such protective cover into a new type one named safety tube. The inner diameter of the safety tube is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the needle body, and the length of the tube is slightly longer than the total length of the needle head plus the needle body. There is a slit along the length from the front to the middle of the tube. The open end (front) of the tube linked with the slit is in the shape of a “V,” the end of the slit at the middle of the tube is linked with a rectangular hole, and the joint is in the shape of an inverted “V.” The safety tube is in register with the needle, and the fin of the needle is out of the rectangular hole. During infusion, the fin is pushed to make the needle slide along the slit out of the tube, and after infusion, the needle slides back into the tube for safety. The safety tube has been commissioned to a qualified manufacturer and applied to the clinical trial. Meanwhile, it was approved by the hospital ethics committee.
200 inpatients who were in need of infusion therapy from October to December 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group. There was no significant difference in age and disease diagnosis between the two groups (
Researchers in Singapore say they have developed a bandage that can detect and wirelessly send medical information related to chronic wounds, such as temperature and bacteria type. With the ability to capture and transmit such data in under 15 minutes, the wearable sensor is touted to speed up assessment of such wounds and provide more timely treatment.
Called VeCare, the platform encompasses a "wound sensing bandage", an electronic chip, and a mobile app through which data is transmitted, said the research team from the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech) at National University of Singapore (NUS). The researchers also worked with clinical partners from Singapore General Hospital (SGH).
The bandage features a wound contact layer, breathable outer barrier, microfluidic fluid collector, and a flexible immunosensor, NUS said in a statement Thursday. Using an electrochemical system, the hospital bandage detect various biomarkers specific to chronic wounds and facilitate the assessment of the wound's microenvironment, inflammation, and state of infection.
The microfluidic wound fluid collector, which is attached to the sensor, directs and enhances fluid delivery to the sensor by up to 180%, according to NUS, adding that this helps ensure the sensor can perform reliably regardless of the ulcer shape or size.
The microchip also is embedded with flexible electronics connected to the sensor, enabling data to be transmitted wirelessly to the app for on-site assessment and analysis in real-time. Data is sent to the patient's paired mobile device, on which it is stored and analysed. This processor also is powered by a rechargeable battery. In the study, we used disposable infusion needles with a new type separation-free safety tube for the patients in the intervention group and conventional ones with a self-contained protective cover in the control group. Patients in both groups volunteered to participate and had signed informed consent.
Operation Methods
Six ward nurses with proficiency in the conventional infusion operation were selected, including 2 nurses working for 1-3 years, 2 for 3-5 years, and 2 for over 5 years. Before the project, all of them were trained in the operation of this new type safety tube and qualified. In the control group, conventional disposable infusion needles were used. After breathing, the self-contained protective cover was discarded, and the needle was fixed after acupuncture, then separated from the infusion set into a sharps box at the end. Patients in the intervention group were treated with new disposable infusion sets. The specific operation steps were as follows: (1) Instead of being removed after breathing, the safety tube slid to the flexible tube when the fin of the needle was pushed along the slit to make the needle out of the tube. Then, the infusion operation was as the same as the control group. (2) After infusion, the needle was removed. The upper end of the flexible tube away from the needle was raised, and the needle side was lowered to make the safety tube slide down to the needle side. Then, the fin was pushed to slide along the slit into the rectangular hole. The needle was thus blocked, and the whole infusion set was disposed into a special collection bag.

Why do People buy Fridge Magnets and How Useful are they?
Magnets are one of the most popular souvenirs and among the most commonly used items for advertising and brand recognition.
Not only are they extremely useful for sticking important notes and to-do lists on your fridge door, they can also be attached to other metallic surfaces around the home or office. Many people do this with souvenir magnets that serve as a pleasant reminder of their travels and adventures.
Some fridge magnets are not only decorative, but practical as well and can come in all sorts of designs such as magnetic bottle openers, notepads, thermometers and many more.
What are Magnets made of?
There are many different varieties of magnets. Magnets come in all different shapes and sizes and serve various purposes. Some are used as bottle openers or photo frames and due to this magnets tend to be made from all sorts of materials.
Magnets that are made of wood often have a rustic feel and this material is generally used for hand-crafted souvenirs from tourist destinations, with place names etched into them.
Many souvenir magnets that feature famous landmarks are normally made from resin as they have a surprisingly detailed sculpture of the monument or icon that the magnet is depicting.
Magnets produced with a rubber cut design tend to be fun and colourful. These are very popular with the younger generations as they frequently portray comical illustrations of popular buildings or scenes.
Plastic or acrylic fridge magnets often display full colour photos and are likely to be given out as cheap and cheerful keepsakes whereas metal fridge magnet designs normally have embossed or engraved designs which have a very high quality feel and make rather prestigious looking gifts.
Fridge Magnets of the World
Many people have a collection of magnets growing on their refrigerator doors without even giving it much thought. Even if you don’t intentionally pick one up every time you go abroad, you will most undoubtedly have had a friend or two who has thought of you during their travels and brought you a magnet back as a nice, little souvenir.
Garden ornaments are the items or articles used in the gardens, parks, and landscaping to enhance the beauty and appearance to have a pleasing look.
They are made up of weather-resistant materials like stone, concrete, terracotta, ceramic, rustproof alloys and metals, synthetic materials like resins, plastic polymers, etc. Garden ornaments can be broadly classified as follows.

1. Garden plaques:

They can be either horizontal or vertical wall plaques. They appear in huge patterns with scripts and carvings to represent history, name, memorial, or certain garden signs.

2. Garden statuary:

The statue can be of anything like birds, insects, animals, plants, angels, etc. They are placed depending on the surroundings like the tortoise in the pond, butterfly in a garden, which fits accordingly to give a natural look.

3. Garden fountain:

Fountains are the main center of attraction in public parks and gardens. They are decorated with lights of different colors, which gives a must-see look at the nighttime.

4. Garden urns:

They are the decorative type of ornaments usually placed on either side of the pathway or at the entrance. They also serve as beautiful planters with an artistic look.

5. Garden obelisks:

They are made up of different materials or as living obelisks by cutting and shaping the plant. The plant needs to be pruned periodically to maintain its shape.

6. Garden arches:

Similar to the obelisk, they are either living or non-living ornaments. Plants were allowed to grow on arches to give them a pleasant look.

7. Garden ponds and bridges:

The inclusion of a water body with cross-over bridges gives a broader look to the parks, which attracts more public, especially children.

8. Garden hanging:

Bird's nests, wind chimes, artistic pots, artificial fruits, etc. are some examples that are hanged to decorate the garden. Such types of ornaments can be mostly seen in home gardens.

9. Garden furniture:

They serve two purposes in the gardens and parks. You can sit and relax over them and also they add their contribution to the decoration of gardens.

We have several garden ornaments, such as metal garden ornament and so on.
Many people wonder why wind chimes are often used for feng shui adjustments. Two of the main reasons wind chimes are used are because they create sound energy vibrations and bring in the metal element.

First, sound is one way that feng shui practitioners shift the energy of a space. A wind chime can even be used as a space clearing tool to remove negative energy and welcome in new, positive energy. You probably have an intuitive understanding of this; think about how different it feels to be in a silent room, a room with a vacuum going, or the same room with soft music playing. When a wind chime creates sound vibrations, they move through the spaces and objects to shift the energy. Metal wind chimes are especially effective at cutting through any stagnant qi.
9 Tips for a Feng Shui Living Room
The second reason is to bring in the metal element. Metal wind chimes are an easy and beautiful way to add the metal element to your space. Metal element represents clarity, efficiency, and joy. If your intention is to call in these metal element qualities, look for a metal wind chime. Metal is also connected to speech and being able to articulate yourself, so a metal wind chime can help activate an intention to speak up for yourself or communicate more clearly.

How to Locate Wind Chimes for Feng Shui
Wind chimes are especially great additions to the areas of the feng shui bagua map associated with the metal element. These are Dui (completion and children) and Qian (helpful people and travel). Placing a wind chime in either of these areas is auspicious because it activates the metal element associated with these areas.
You can also place a wind chime in another bagua area, or gua, where you want to call in metal energy. Or you can simply locate a wind chime in the room that’s associated with the activity.

Deciding what garden ornament is right for you and your garden is sometimes more difficult than deciding what plants to buy. Don’t rush your decision. Spend some time working out where you might place an ornament and deciding on what type of ornament would look best.

Once you have decided what sort of thing you would like, take your time looking around for exactly what you want. Unless it is exactly what you want, don’t buy the first thing you see. You will regret impulsive buying when you find the “perfect” piece of garden furniture the next week, yet you have already spent your money.

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Choose an ornament that suits the style of your garden. Don’t choose a classical Greek statue if you have a native bush garden. Likewise, a sculpture made from rustic timbers may look out of place in the middle of the lawn in a formal garden.

Size and Number
An ornament should be a focal point in the garden, drawing the viewer’s eye toward it. Too many different ornaments will look cluttered and detract from one another. However, multiples of the same ornament can make a spectacular statement.

Location, location, location
When positioning garden art, it’s all about the location. Think about where people are likely to be when they admire your garden art.[url=https://www.acsgarden.com/articles/art_and_ornaments/04.jpg]
Consider such things as views from the house; views from seats in the garden, from outdoor living areas or from the entrance to your property.
Ornaments or statues should be located where they will enhance such views. Ideal locations are at the end of a vista: perhaps framed by the view through an archway, along a path, or below the canopy of a large tree.
Consider the effect of other things in the garden on an ornament. Overhanging branches may enhance, but can also obscure a view. The reflection of a statue on water or in a mirror set behind it can double the impact.
A backdrop of dark foliage will contrast with a white statue, but may detract from the effect of a dark coloured statue.
Changes in the seasons can also cause changes in the effect created by garden ornaments. Consider what something might look like before and after a deciduous tree has lost its leaves.
Statues
There are a plethora of statues available, including Nudes, Buddhas, Classical Greek/Roman poses, Fantasy (eg. Gnomes and Gargoyles), Asian, South Seas, etc.
They can be large or small; made of stone, ceramic, metal, timber or concrete.
You should think carefully about the size and type of statue that is appropriate to your needs. Even the most perfect statue can look inappropriate if it is put into the wrong garden setting.

Water Features
Garden ornamentation and water often come together in a sculptured pond, wall mounted fountains, bird baths and other water sculptures. With water, the ornament can be given the added attractions of sound and movement.

What is a shopping cart?
Definition: A shopping cart on an online retailer's site is a piece of software that facilitates the purchase of a product or service. It accepts the customer's payment and organizes the distribution of that information to the merchant, payment processor and other parties.
Why shopping carts are important
Shopping carts bridge the gap between shopping and buying, so having the best shopping cart software is extremely important on your website.
It's likely that those just starting out in the market may be unfamiliar with the concept. Most people, especially those in the ecommerce industry, have likely made a purchase online at some point in their lives. That said, most consumers don't fully realize the need and capability that shopping carts have (besides leading a customer to checkout). A cart typically has three common aspects:
It stores product information
It's a gateway for order, catalog and customer management
It renders product data, categories and site information for user display
Another way to look at things is as follows: The online shopping cart is similar to the tangible ones we use at the supermarket, but it wears many more hats. It's also the shelves, the building, the clearance sign, the cash register and often the credit card machine relaying information back to the bank.
What options are there?
For those seriously considering the ecommerce platform route, it's important to know that there are two basic types of carts:
Hosted shopping carts: A third-party firm "hosts" the solution and is responsible for server backups, maintenance and upgrades. The beauty of a hosted solution is that hosting comes free, which means it doesn't cost anything for the third party to keep your site functional on the Web. The main drawback with hosted solutions is that customers will be directed to another domain for payment processing.
Licensed shopping carts: This type of solution allows business owners to build their own type of cart and customize it to their specific needs. There is much greater flexibility in changing features and functionality, as well as in adding third-party tools if need be. However, the upfront costs are often higher and require more hands-on expertise for troubleshooting issues and technical support.
Hosted solutions are often recommended for those who are beginning their own venture because they require less technical expertise. That's not to say all new online retail store owners aren't adept in IT, but a hosted solution may free up time to focus on other aspects of operations. There are numerous providers of shopping cart software on the market today, and companies must first evaluate their individual needs before making a final decision on which solution is best for them.
The Best Stair Climbing Carts for Moving Heavy Loads
Between struggling with arm loads of grocery bags to lifting heavy luggage, hauling things up the stairs can take a lot out of you. Stair climbing carts are designed to roll weighty loads up the stairs, and can come especially in handy when you’re moving—rather than carrying up one box at a time, you can stack them on the cart and roll them up at once.
These trolleys have triple-sided wheels that allow the cart to climb over the rise of each step, roll forward, and then ascend the next one. The best stair climbing cart options have a comfortable and sturdy handle, so rolling it up the stairs won’t strain your hand. Shoppers should consider the trolley size that will suit their needs, along with weight capacity.
Our Top Picks
This guide narrows down the market to present recommendations for top-performing stair climbing carts.
The winkeep Super Loading Stair Climber Cart is a lightweight, sturdy aluminum shopping cart, and you may be surprised by its weight capability: this trolley is capable of handling 220 pounds of cargo. The cart only weighs only 8.8 pounds, so you can tote more purchases, moving boxes, or whatever you plan on carrying. The cart can be used as a standard hand truck for larger boxes or heavier objects. This winkeep model comes with a waterproof large capacity travel bag that can be attached to the trolley. Its padded handle makes pushing or pulling the cart comfortable and easy.
The Super Loading Stair Climber Cart features rubberized back tri-wheels that roll smoothly over curbs, cobblestones, up flights of stairs, or through mud and sand. A stable front stand prevents the loaded cart from toppling over while standing. For added security, winkeep includes an adjustable bungee cord to secure your possessions to the trolley.The entire cart folds flat for easy storage and is quite compact. Comfortable to move on a variety of terrains and capable of pulling groceries, laundry, or boxes, the Winkeep cart will make your trek up the stairs easier.
Finding a cart that won’t take up a ton of space in your home can be difficult. If you’re parking your cart in the garage it may not matter, but when space is at a premium, the fold-flat capability of the dBest Stair Climber Trolley will come in handy. If you’re satisfied with a carrying capacity of 110 pounds, this cart is definitely worth considering. Attaching the large weatherproof bag adds seven compartments, including a large central compartment, front flap for small items, and a mesh beverage sleeve.
We thought we'd put together a few of our best golf trolley accessories and links
Your round can only get better with some accessories to pimp your golf trolley! These days most brands have created an accessory line specifically geared towards bespoke customisation so whether you’re looking for something aesthetically pleasing like umbrella holders, hand warmers or even cup holders to hold your beer (depending on how your round is going).
Umbrella Holder Golf Trolley Accessories
Nobody likes getting wet on their round, add a golf trolley holder to your trolley and take the hassle out of carrying around your brolly. It can also shield you from the 3 or 4 sunny days we get a year.
This Powakaddy umbrella holder can be adjusted to fit most shapes and sizes of umbrellas. The bottom of the holder features clamps that can be clamped over your trolley handle, so it should fit on most trolleys. Please make sure you check on the site link before making a purchase.
The Powakaddy Push Cart Umbrella Holder will keep you and your clubs dry on a rainy day and shaded on a sunny day.
Hand Warmers – Motocaddy Hot Mitts
The Motocaddy Hot Mitts are the best best golf trolley accessories for those who always get cold hands in winter. The dreaded feeling of ice-cold fingers will never be a problem when you have these hot gloves keeping them warm and cosy, with an easy to use plug that attaches right onto your trolley handle! These heaters come on 3 settings so they can accommodate any golfer’s needs – there is sure to be one perfect for everyone!
USB Powered
Adjustable Heat Settings
Easy Control
Compatible With 28V M-Series Trolley with USB Port
Compatible with Motocaddy Power Bank
Shopping Carts are seen in almost every retail store in the United States. Whether you are at a Grocery Store, Clothing Outlet, or a Shopping Center, chances are, you use a shopping cart more often than you realize. Shopping Carts are used and abused daily. Shopping Cart Wheels are exposed to extremely harsh environments from rolling over gravel, hitting curbs, extreme hot and cold elements from being left outside, and even corrosive weather and rain. Due to the repetitive, abusive environments, these wheels and casters can take a beating and tend to wear much faster than most other casters and wheels. Being a large Caster and Wheel manufacturer and wholesale distributor, we've seen many grocery cart repair companies attempt to purchase the cheapest grocery cartwheels to make a quick profit. This is a reason why many grocery cartwheels fail after a short period of time. Quality is the utmost important factor and should always come first over shopping cart casters and wheels.

We have seen the frustration when rolling a cart, and the wheel locks up or refuses to roll. This is why Caster Headquarters only sells the highest quality Shopping Cart Casters and Wheels. Our goal is to eliminate the lower-quality grocery cartwheels that have taken over the industry. The leading manufacturer in Shopping Cart casters and Wheels is P&H Casters. We have teamed up with PH Casters to provide the highest quality shopping cart casters in the industry. What separates a P&H Caster shopping cartwheel from the generic brands in the industry is 5 decades or half a century of quality control and testing to make the perfect wheel to endure the harshest environments. These wheels were made to last and perform from the special polyurethane material on the tread combined with dual quad x precision bearings. This wheel is made to outperform any other shopping cart wheel in the industry.

When new shopping carts roll out of the production line, a PH Caster and Wheel is typically used until the end of its life expectancy; then, many cart repair companies replace it with an inferior wheel to make the most profit. That is the reason there are so many carts in the industry with bad reputations. CasterHQ and PH Caster's goal is to standardize all Shopping Carts in the USA with the highest quality shopping cart-wheel in the world. The benefits of using our products are superior performance and increased longevity. In return, this encourages shoppers to come back and use your store more frequently because of the ease of mobility and quality offered for every shopper. The smallest details make the biggest differences, especially regarding ergonomics in simple tasks such as pushing a cart. If you have ever been to Target, you should automatically recognize how easy it is to push their carts. You will never run into a problem with the wheels or the performance when rolling their grocery carts. This is due to the P&H Caster wheels that we supply to the Target stores. As you can see, Target has realized early on that quality keeps the customers coming back. Whether providing a clean environment or a grocery cart that is easy to roll, they know quality matters.

Some stores where our casters and wheels can be seen include Target, Lowes, Home Depot, Walmart, Kroger, HEB, Kohls, Ross, Macy's, JC Penny, Sams Club, Costco, Ace Hardware, etc. many more big-name retailers. Remember, our casters and wheels are on the new carts. Still, as cart repair companies replace worn-out wheels, they use lower-quality casters and wheels to reduce performance and usability. If you are a shopping cart repair company or an employee replacing the casters and wheels, make sure to use the original, highest-quality shopping cart casters and wheels in the industry. Trust Caster Headquarters when it comes to grocery cartwheels and casters.

Polyimide Film for Harsh Applications
Dunmore offers coating, metalizing, laminating and perforating services for polyimide film. Dunmore can provide additional functionality through engineering and converting to meet particular physical requirements for mechanical, electrical, temperature and chemical properties not inherent to standard polyimide film. Dunmore is one of the leading converters of polymide film in the world.
Polyimide Film Industries and Applications
Polyimide film is typically used in industries such as:
Aerospace - The Kapton? film is converted and layered together to make multi-layer insulation.
Automotive / Industrial - Polyimide films have excellent mechanical, electrical, temperature and chemical resistance making them optimal for demanding industries where performance is critical or harsh exposure conditions exist.
Electronics - Polyimide film is the optimal substrate for high temperature applications like the electronics industry.
Labeling - Polyimide film, with the right printable coating applied, makes an excellent choice for labels used in harsh environments.
Polyimide film is used in applications where reliable, durable performance is required, often in harsh environments. It also can be engineered and converted to meet particular physical requirements for mechanical, electrical, temperature and chemical properties.
What is Polyimide Film?
Polyimide films are used in applications where reliable, durable performance is required, often in harsh environments. Polyimide film is a lightweight, flexible polymer based material that has excellent heat and chemical resistant properties. Polyimide film can withstand temperatures ranging from -269° C to 400° C. In addition to excellent heat resistance properties, polyimide film also has excellent dielectric properties. Typical applications for polyimide film include multi-layer insulation blankets for space, flexible electronics, tapes, and various other high heat applications.
High Temperature Adhesive Polyimide Tape
Adhesive Polyimide Tape offers a combination of benefits. It is a high voltage insulation tape made of thin polyimide film. It is coated on one side with a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive which allows it to bond well to most surfaces and materials. The use of a silicone based adhesive is critically important as it allows Polyimide Tape to offer one of its greatest benefits; high temperature resistance.
This tape can withstand continuous exposure to temperatures up to 200°C, whilst still maintaining dielectric performance (actual mechanical maximum temperature rating is a little higher). When you combine this high temperature tolerance with its all-round adhesive performance, thin and highly conformable construction, solid polyimide film and economic price, you have a tape that can be used in a variety of areas.
Example Applications for Adhesive Polyimide Tape
Insulation of coils in electric motors.
Fastening heating elements.
Insulation for capacitors.
Masking for powder coating.
Bed surface for 3D printing with ABS.
Slot liner insulation.
Insulating and fastening flexible PCBs.
Magnet wire and cabling.
Interlayer insulation in motors and transformers.
Some of the many names we’ve heard over the years for this tape is Kapton Tape, adhesive Kapton, sticky Kapton and that sticky brown tape. With the possible exception of that last one, this is understandable but it is not technically correct.
Just to be clear, our Adhesive Polyimide Tape is not Kapton Tape. It is an excellent high temperature electrical insulation and masking tape with a range of benefits and we are happy to stand behind it without calling it something it is not.

A Transparent Polyimide Film as a Biological Cell Culture Sheet with Microstructures
In recent years, the research on stem cell cultures has been actively performed in order to generate cell populations for the functional recovery of human body parts lost by illness or injury. Polymer materials have attracted attention in this field because they have biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and outstanding moldability. Moreover, polymers are flexible and cheap when compared to glass materials. Polymer materials are often used as cell culture sheets, and polymer substrates with fabricated microstructures have been reported to support the culture of biological cells. Polymer materials in the form of elastomeric gels, porous bodies, films, and particles are suitable substrates for a biomatrix, and can be applied for the culture of complex living systems. In particular, the porous scaffold fabricated on the cells culture substrate promotes cell growth and survival and reproduces the three-dimensional environmental microcosm that is normally present in the living body. These reports show that the cell culture is greatly influenced by the fabricated structure. Moreover, the porous scaffold has to have a structure that is appropriate for the intended purpose; the scaffold system has to have a small surface so that the seeding density of cells is at maximum.
Culture systems in which osteoblasts were grown in a straight-line structure made of PI, whose width and depth were 5 μm have been reported. In this report, the substrate material used was PI alone and the fabricated structure was a linear shape. The culture of stromal marrow cells (OP9), interstitial cells generated from bone marrow, has been attracting research attention. This is because stromal marrow cells enhance growth factor production, and support multiplication and specialization of hematopoietic stem and precursor cells. Use of these cells has been applied through tissue engineering to generate blood and bone progenitors.
It is anticipated that fabricating fine structures and controlling the growth of different stem cells will allow the generation of sufficient cell populations for use in research or in the clinic setting. To this end, we thought to fabricate and evaluate a fine polymer-based structure in which cells can successfully align and proliferate. Polyimide (PI) has superior heat resistance, mechanical strength, and chemical stability. Therefore, PI is expected to withstand the high temperatures required for the sterilization process. PI-based microstructures have already been shown to be transferable by hot embossing and are therefore suitable for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes. However, conventional PI is not transparent and has an opaque tan color, which would make it difficult to observe any cells cultured on PI sheets. Therefore, we focused on transparent PI, which recently became commercially available.
Compared with the lab-scale preparation, the greatest difference for industrial manufacturing of polyimide films is the stretching process. Stretching process, either uniaxial or biaxial stretching of the gel-like PAA films, will result in the full orientation and extension for the polyimide molecular chains.
It shows the main steps of the industrial scale production line of polyimide film by biaxial stretching from PAA precursors. In this procedure, the precursor monomers are firstly introduced into the polymerization reactor containing the solvent. After PAA synthesis, the obtained solution is deaerated and cast in the form of a continuous film onto the surface of a heated rotating stainless steel drum. The solvent is partially evaporated and a part of the imidization reaction takes place simultaneously. Thus, a self-supported PAA film is formed. The gel-like PAA film is peeled from the metal drum and first stretched in the machine direction (MD) while controlling the stretching rate. The PAA film is then stretched in the transverse direction (TD). The solvent is removed by evaporation, and the film is heat treated by means of hot air or radiant heat from an electrical heater to give a biaxial oriented polyimide film. The transverse stretching is carried out at temperatures around 350°C to facilitate the imidization of PAA into polyimide. Such a procedure has been widely used for PI film production, and there has been significant patent activity in the past half century since the commercialization of PI films in 1960s. Up to now, most of the commercially available wholly aromatic PI films have been produced by such kind of procedure.

Hydraulic guillotine shears V.S Swing beam shears
We are always confused by a question that why hydraulic shearing machines are divided into swing beam shear and guillotine shear.why we say hydraulic guillotine shear is upgraded version of hydraulic swing beam shear.compared with the hydraulic swing beam shear,what are the advantages of hydraulic guillotine shear ?
Firstly we lists the key differences between QC12 series swing beam shear and QC11 series hydraulic guillotine shear:
Blade carrier cutting movement
Hydraulic Swing Beam Shears: – Unipivot support，lever principle;Do arc-shaped curvilinear motion around the rear fulcrum.
Hydraulic Guillotine Shears: – Three-point support rolling guide（Lower eccentric shaft, front support shaft，upper eccentric shaft; Do linear vertical motion.
Blade style:
Hydraulic Swing Beam Shears: – Top blade in prismatic shape，can only use two bevel angle cutting edge;Lower blade in rectangular shape，four cutting edge can be used.
Hydraulic Guillotine Shears: – Both upper and lower blade are in rectangular shape;–All four cutting edge can be used.
Cutting angle adjustment:
Hydraulic Swing Beam Shears: – Fixed cutting angle and blade carrier angle;Can only cut in specific angle whatever the thickness of the plate.
Hydraulic Guillotine Shears: – Adjustable cutting angle, different cutting angles are applied for cutting plate with different thickness.Adopt smaller cutting angle can effectively reduce the distortion of sheet metal, and increase cutting speed;Can also increase the shear angle to increase the shear force.
Lubrication point
Hydraulic Swing Beam Shears: – Bevel gears are heavily worn and require frequent lubrication to increase service life.
Hydraulic Guillotine Shears: – Most use self-lubricating spherical plain bearings, basically don’t need to manually lubricate.
Backstop structure (optional)
Hydraulic Swing Beam Shears: – 500W AC motor + universal connection twisted shaft;Easy to cause gaps, no spring buffer, no retract function.
Hydraulic Guillotine Shears: – Inverter + speed motor + encoder + electronic digital display;Stepless speed regulation, low noise, spring retraction and buffer function.
The hydraulic shears are more accurate than the hydraulic swing beam shears
Shear Accuracy
Take 16*3200 hydraulic swing beam plate shears and hydraulic brake plate shears,Both of the blade clearance of the swing beam shear and guillotine shear is 0.04 mm.However, the clearance of the bearing connection between the swing arm and the pendulum body of the swing beam shearing machine cannot be completely eliminated.The accuracy errors between gaps and blade edge clearance are generally above 0.1 mm.Therefore, the accuracy of the swing beam shearing machine is theoretically twice worse than the guillotine shearing machine.The rear guide rail of the guillotine shearing machine is pressed by the bearing withthe compression spring pad on the back, so that there is no gaps between the front and rear guide rails.
The accuracy of the gap between the clearance and the blade edge gap is kept below 0.04 mm, so that the shear material can be made smoother and no burrs.
Adjustable cutting speed on hydraulic guillotine shears and fixed cutting angle on the swing beam shears
Shear Angle
Swing beam shear’s cut angle is fixed angle, shear speed cannot be adjusted for guillotine shears, By adjusting the two engineering cylinder up and down series of closed chamber oil rapid adjustment to achieve the angle adjustment: Shear angle is large, shear capacity increases, shear angle decreases, shear speed up, which has the advantage of saving power and working hours as well as reducing curvature of sheet effectively.
When cutting a sheet with a thickness of less than 20 mm, the shear angle of the swing beam shearing machine can not be adjusted, so the material being cut has a twisted twist. The narrower the cut material, the larger the distortion.The guillotine shearing machine can achieve step less adjustment of the shear angle.
The cut sheet is not easy to be distorted and deformed to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece.More importantly, the shear force is stronger after the shear angle is increased.
Nowadays, the famous shearing machine manufacturers all over the world are mainly producing hydraulic guillotine shearing machine, and the price is slightly higher.Compared with the hydraulic swing beam shearing machine, the hydraulic guillotine shearing machine has the advantages of high shearing precision, adjustable shear angle and long service life of the cutting edge.
The Cable Wire Recycling Machine is a waste wire and cable processing and recycling equipment. It has the advantages of small area, low energy consumption, high copper-plastic separation rate, and simple operation. It is favored by market bosses in the metal recycling industry. Mainly recycle and process automobile circuit wires, communication cables, miscellaneous wires, etc., with one feeding and a single machine. The equipment adopts a closed production mode and has a good dust removal effect. The appearance of the Cable Wire Recycling Machine has solved the environmental pollution caused by the incineration of copper. It not only improves the quality of recycled copper, but also has the advantage of recycling plastic. Some rubber shoe factories will use the sorted rubber for the soles of rubber shoes. In this way, it is full of treasures. Cable Wire Recycling Machine equipment is not only a representative of green in the machinery industry, but also reflects the customer's pursuit of interests. The old-fashioned recycling process of waste electric cables-produced under the pressure of major environmental pollution caused by incineration. The Cable Wire Recycling Machine equipment recycles waste wires and cables cleanly and environmentally. It can treat waste wires without causing any environmental pollution. The plastic and metal copper in the cable are fully recovered, mainly by mechanical physical crushing, and then the crushed metal-plastic mixture is separated from the crushed metal and plastic by a specific gravity separator. This is a typical new type of machinery and equipment that turns waste into treasure, conforms to the development of environmental protection and energy conservation, S0 guidance should be strongly advocated.
Types of Press Brakes
Modern press brakes are much safer and don’t require nearly as much effort as earlier models. In fact, modern brakes have increased the speed, quality, and efficiency of bending metals. When it comes these modern brakes, there are three common types: manual, hydraulic, and CNC.
Manual Press Brakes: also known as sheet metal brakes, these are the most common type of brakes. Manual brake presses require you to manually adjust the bending dimensions and angle at each cut, and are best used for the mass production of set bending sizes and angles. Hydraulic Press Brakes these brake presses utilize two hydraulic cylinders, allowing more control and consistent strokes. They are often classified by their movement, up acting or down acting, with each style having its own distinct advantages. CNC Press Brakes: these types of brakes have the highest precision and customization abilities, utilizing computer technology to control accuracy and increase efficiency. When using CNC brake presses, data such as bending angle, plate thickness, width, and grade are entered into a controller by a trained operator and the brake easily handles the rest.
Understanding the working behind a machine can help you make use of the full advantage of the machine. Also, it is important for the maintenance and well-keeping of the machine. Therefore, in today’s article, we will be looking through and understanding the working of a Hydraulic Shearing Machine.
While we are at it, we will also look at other factors relating to a Hydraulic Shearing Machine so that you have a full grasp of what the equipment is all about and the scopes that it has to offer to you and your business. If you are ready, let us start right away.
Defining a Hydraulic Shearing Machine
Before we get to the workings, let us first understand what a Hydraulic Shearing Machine is and its uses. A Hydraulic Shearing Machine is an industrial tool used for cutting metal bars and sheets that you otherwise would find difficult to cut. It includes a combination of rotating blades and disks that allow for the above-mentioned action.
Since Hydraulic Shearing Machines all have the same mechanism (more or less), they can be of different kinds based on their blades’ shapes — linear or circular. There are various ways of shaping a given material or metal, of which shearing is a method. Other methods include bending, cutting, spinning, and rolling.
The Hydraulic Shearing Machine has various uses and is a prime fabricator tool. Accurl has had consistent clients from a variety of industries that utilize these tools. It is mainly used in the manufacturing industry for producing different products.
Some prime products produced by the Hydraulic Shearing Machine are parts of ships, planes, railways, and so on. It is used in heavy-duty industries such as those mentioned above. It also can be used for other industries such as the cooking, electric, and decorative industries.

What is interlocking bricks?
In general, the construction process and masonry are difficult, time-consuming and expensive. Different types of construction methods are considered and developed to overcome the difficulties and problems encountered during construction. At the same time, the materials and equipment used for construction are also fabricated to improve the quality of construction and reduce time and cost. One such breakthrough in the construction industry is interlocking blocks.

Interlocking bricks are an improved form of traditional clay bricks. Each brick is designed to seal itself to other surrounding bricks without the use of mortar. Automatic locking is achieved using the Shear key and the lock mechanism. Depending on the design, the shape of the shear key will vary and provide a complimentary lock on the opposite side of the brick. Load transfer is achieved by shear transfer and gravity.

Interlocking blocks are compacted and stabilized earth bricks, which contribute to the strength of the structure. They are not usually packed. Interlock bricks come in different sizes and locking systems depending on the supplier.
How are Interlocking Bricks made?
High-quality interlocking bricks are made of cement, sand and Stone dust mixed together in appropriate proportions. The required materials are batched and mixed proportionately. Once the required mix is prepared, it is then compressed to form bricks with desirable interlocking patterns. The compression is achieved by using a hydraulic compression system. The bricks are then subjected to curing for about 7 days.
High-quality interlocking bricks are mixed together in appropriate proportions by cement, sand and stone dust. The required ingredients are compiled and mixed in proportion. Once the required composition is prepared, it is compressed to form bricks with desirable interlocking shapes. Compression can be achieved by using a hydraulic compression system. Then the bricks are cured for about 7 days.
Advantages of Interlocking Bricks
There are many reasons why you may want to use Interlock brick. Let us first go over the benefits of interlock bricks:
Economical: Interlock bricks are made of cement with the addition of cement and sand, so they are made of cement at a lower cost than conventional bricks. In fact, interlocking bricks cost 35% less than conventional bricks. Interlock bricks may contain 10% cement, with the remaining mixture containing soil and sand.

Earthquake resistant: The reason is simple. Ordinary brick relies on mortar for its support system. If the mortar fails, the entire wall or building will fail. But interlocking bricks have their own support system that does not depend on the mortar. They effectively support each other.

Governments recommend: In earthquake-prone areas, some governments recommend interlocking bricks. Interlocking bricks may be a better choice if you are building in an earthquake-prone area.

Better insulation in hot areas: Interlocking bricks are also suitable for hot areas. Because it is compressed, it has more mass and the brick keeps the interior of the building cooler.

Environmentally friendly: The use of interlocking bricks can help protect the environment. Not only will they use less concrete and mortar, but building occupants will not need to use as much air conditioning as the interior temperature is lower.

Labor shortage: Not only does it cost less to make interlocking bricks, but it also requires less effort and fewer workers. For example, there is no need to check the water level compared to ordinary brick.

Curing faster: If you want to quickly build a building, interlocking bricks can help. No need for long curing of bricks (only need to cure for 7 days compared to 2 days).
A container yard pavement comprises one or usually more layers of pavement construction materials arranged so as to support and facilitate the handling and storage of containers by a port's container handling equipment over the natural or improved subgrade on which the port is built. In this regard, container terminal pavements are similar in character to highway pavements or aircraft pavements.
However, container terminal pavements are required to deal with the following unique matters:
Wheel loads of container handling equipment can be an order of magnitude greater than those commonly encountered on highways: highway pavement design methods should not be used for container terminal pavements.
It is common for container handling equipment to travel in channellised paths: pavement surfacing materials which have performed well on highways may fail in these areas.
Tyres are often inflated to over 1,000 kPa (145 psi), whereas highway vehicle tyres are inflated to 700-800 kPa (100-115 psi). This can lead to rapid deterioration of surfacing materials.
Braking, cornering, accelerating and running over uneven surfaces increase wheel patch loads applied to a container pavement significantly. Container terminal pavements sometimes fail at the locations where these factors predominate.
Containers rest on four corner castings which can easily lead to deformation of soft surfacing materials.
The sizes and shapes of container terminal pavements introduce onerous drainage requirements which can lead to pavement materials becoming wet and damaged.
Slow moving handling equipment can lead to deformation of flexible surfacing materials.
Container yard pavement comprises a major element in the capital cost of a container terminal so their design needs to minimise both the construction cost and maintenance cost, usually over a fixed period which is related to the commercial arrangements in place.
All parties involved in container terminal pavements need to recognise the following potential issues which are dealt with more fully in the remainder of this report. WG 165 would consider the following matters to comprise a distillation of the potential pitfalls. It is their hope that there will be no more significant container terminal pavement failures. The remainder of this report seeks to provide information and analysis which will ensure that designers/ constructors/operators are able to circumvent any issues resulting from the following factors: materials, design, maintenance, drainage, settlement, automation, ground conditions and units.
While, flexible pavements are the predominate pavement types used in container terminals throughout Australia, no standardised guidance exists either nationally or internationally combining all aspects required for the design, specification and management of flexible pavements for terminal operations. To address these deficiencies, the Australian Asphalt Pavement Association is undertaking a project to develop a fully calibrated design procedure for the design and specification of flexible pavements for container terminals. As part of this project, an assessment of the performance of flexible pavements at over 15 major container and intermodal terminals across Australia was undertaken. This study examined the performance and required level of serviceability of flexible pavements in container terminals, with the pavements in the study being in service for periods from 1 to over 30 years. Some pavements were specifically designed for container handling equipment and operations, while others used designs and materials typical for road and highway applications. Loading on these terminals included highway trucks, terminal trucks and trailers, front end loaders straddle and shuttle carriers. The study looked at the performance as a function of pavement and material design and specification, the required level of serviceability and resulting maintenance intervention requirements for terminal pavements. Pavement performance issues were found to include loss of surface shape, rutting, cracking, damage due to corner casting and damage caused by operations of the terminal, which may or may not effect performance. These were than used to emphasise the requirements for design and detailing of terminal pavements.

What's The Difference Between Open Frame & Closed Frame Panels?
What exactly comes to mind when people say panel display or monitor? Many tend to think of closed frame displays without realizing that it is just one of the possible configurations available. A closed frame display can simply be described as a monitor with a front bezel and is fully enclosed just like most consumer grade LCD monitors. Even many of the industrial grade touch monitors and panel PCs are closed frame displays. Some good examples that one can find are public kiosks, point of sales terminals, and ticketing booths, all of which utilize basic or generic enclosures. But what happens when there is a specific enclosure that one wishes to insert into the display? Perhaps, that enclosure is designed to have specific function or is aesthetically built to be compatible with their brand. Would one then have to remove the display from its existing enclosure, discard it and then insert the display into their exclusive enclosure?
At first glance, this might not seem like such a big deal. One can simply take a regular closed frame consumer grade desktop monitor and remove the display from its casing. Sounds like an inexpensive and cost effective solution, right? Well, let’s explore this a little bit further now. Say there is a need to build kiosks for over a thousand locations. This means we have to include the cost of installation and dismantle labor for more than a thousand monitors. But keep in mind that these consumer grade desktop monitors are not industrial grade and are not meant to function outside of their enclosure nor they are intended to be operated 24/7 like most kiosks. What happens if you have to place the kiosks outdoors? Will it still be able to display properly even when the original enclosure is removed? Can it withstand the harsh conditions and still be able to operate normally?
Industrial Panel PC Open Frame Solution
Removing a display from a consumer grade monitor is not actually the smartest idea. This is where an open frame display can be considered as a perfect solution to the problem. Open frame monitors and touch panels do not have any enclosure such as bezel or housing. Just like the consumer grade desktop monitors, open frame displays come in numerous screen sizes as well as aspect ratios, resolutions and brightness. It is simply a stripped-down version of an LCD panel with just enough support structure and protection in which its internal components are fastened within its metal chassis. Although the open frame displays are significantly more expensive than the consumer grade monitors, the industrial grade components and higher grade LCD panels are quite substantial in durability and performance. Moreover, open frame displays provide greater flexibility by simply inserting additional components inside its chassis to support its application. Existing components can also be easily replaced if they fail and are upgradeable since all components are industrial grade. And since these components are of industrial grade, the unit is more rugged and durable compared to a typical desktop monitor. This allows incremental revisions to a unit rather than having to replace the entire display.
What cannot be overstated is the open frame’s lack of enclosure. This gives the integrator the freedom to create their custom-designed enclosure. Some obvious examples which can be seen every day are cabinets with embedded touch monitors, recessed walls, or tables used for digital signage applications including store front displays, photo booths, arcade games, and even advertising billboards.
VESA Standards For Panel PC Mount
Whether one is considering the traditional closed frame or industrial open frame display to be their optimal solution for their application; one must also take into account on how they will manage to mount their display. Most closed and open frame industrial panels provide a panel mount. However, there may be instances in which the panel display needs to be mounted from the rear. This type of mounting interface for a panel PC is usually not some arbitrary design. If that is the case, then mounting the panel display could very well be the most difficult part in designing your application. The Video Electronics Standards Association, better known as VESA, provides technical standards for panel mounts which is usually referred to as a VESA mount. This standard is defined by 7 sizes each with more than one variant. By having such standard, it allows the integrator to design their enclosure to adhere to a particular VESA mount to help simplify the process.
For many of today’s demand on digital signage applications, a closed frame industrial panel PC might just be the answer. However, it is important that the touch panel is reliable and durable even in high touch operating environments, as well as rugged enough to endure harsh conditions. For other integrators, the option of having an open frame solution can minimize workload and eliminate unnecessary disassembly, plus it can also ease the process of designing their enclosure to integrate with the panel. Furthermore, the panel mount minimizes the frustration of having to design the enclosure, knowing there is a set of VESA standard mount to take into consideration. By taking advantage of any of these 3 possibilities, you can customize an optimal design and solution for your touch panel application.
USB charger
A power adapter that generates the 5 volt DC standard required by USB. The amperage varies, typically from .07A to 2.4A. The charger plugs into an AC outlet, and a USB cable plugs into the charger. USB ports on computers have an upper limit of 500 milliamps; however, USB chargers that come with cellphones and other devices handle one or more amps. The devices sense when they are connected to a computer versus the charger and regulate their current draw.
USB chargers connect to the cable via a Type A USB socket. Geared to the device, the cable has a smaller plug at the other end
What's Inside
Open up a typical charger and you find a couple of chips and several discrete components.
Chargers Are Everywhere
Passengers can charge their devices by plugging them into this USB port on the back of the seat in front of them.
DO Choose the Right Type of Extension Cord for Your Needs
Extension cords fall into three broad categories: occasional use, frequent use, and rugged use. To make sure you find the right types of extension cords for your needs, check the packaging or the cord itself for these designation letters:
indicates general-use cord goods for indoor applications.
indicates a cord designed for outdoor use. The biggest difference between indoor and outdoor extension cords is the insulation. Outdoor versions have bright orange rubber, plastic, or vinyl covers, while indoor cords are much less heavy-duty.
means the cord has standard 300-volt insulation. If you see no J designation, the cord is designed for heavier use with 600-volt insulation.
indicates a household extension cord with parallel wire construction.
means the cord jacket is made of vinyl thermoplastic.
means the cord jacket is made of thermoplastic elastomer rubber (TPE).
indicates an oil-resistant cord.
DO Buy Three-Prong Plug Extension Cords
Standard extension cords are available with either two or three prongs. One prong is “hot,” the second is “neutral,” and the third serves as a path to the ground wire. This third prong drastically reduces the risk of shock and electrical fires by giving power surges a safe place to dissipate.
Of course, you can only use three-prong extension cords with three-prong outlets. If your home has outdated electrical wiring, you may need to upgrade it before converting your outlets to newer three-prong versions designed for enhanced electrical safety.
DON’T Overload Your Extension Cords
Extension wire has a maximum amperage rating, or a limit of electrical current it can safely conduct. Check the device you plan to connect and choose an extension cord with an amp rating higher than the device. If you plan to connect multiple devices, add up all amp requirements to ensure you don’t overload the extension cord.
Tip: If the power requirement on a device is listed in watts, divide the wattage by 110 to convert the rating to amps.
If the cord you’re considering doesn’t give an amp rating, you can calculate its current capacity by its wire gauge. The lower the gauge, the higher the wire’s capacity. Follow these guidelines:
A 16-gauge extension cord is for light duty applications (holiday lights, portable fans, hedge trimmers, etc.).
A 14-gauge cord is for medium duty applications (lawnmowers, power drills, table saws, etc.).
A 10- to 12-gauge cord is for heavy and extra heavy duty applications (chainsaws, circular saws, shop vacs, air compressors, etc.).
In addition to amperage and gauge, you should also consider cord length when choosing the right type of extension cord. Longer cords create more electrical resistance and deliver less power to the connected device. It’s best to use a cord of the proper length to reduce power loss, especially if you’re using a device with a high amperage rating.
DON’T Plug Sensitive Electronics into Ordinary Extension Cords
Extension cords and surge protectors are not the same things. The purpose of a surge protector is to divert or block excess power by grounding it. Even minor surges could damage sensitive electronics, so plugging them into surge protectors (or extension cords with built-in surge protection) is vital.